Atmospheric Refraction
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Atmospheric refraction: a history.
We trace the history of atmospheric refraction from the ancient Greeks up to the time of Kepler. The concept that the atmosphere could refract light entered Western science in the second century B.C. Ptolemy, 300 years later, produced the first clearly defined atmospheric model, containing air of uniform density up to a sharp upper transition to the ether, at which the refraction occurred. Alha...
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Influence of atmospheric refraction on the propagation of electromagnetic waves has been studied from the beginnings of radio wave technology (Kerr, 1987). It has been proved that the path bending of electromagnetic waves due to inhomogeneous spatial distribution of the refractive index of air causes adverse effects such as multipath fading and interference, attenuation due to diffraction on th...
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Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Abstract For the determination of photolysis rates at large zenith angles it has been demonstrated that refraction by the earth's atmosphere must be taken into account. In fact, due to the modified optical path the optical transmittance is thereby increased in mos...
متن کاملDifferential geometric approach to atmospheric refraction
Differential geometric techniques are presented and used to model the optical properties of the atmosphere under conditions that produce superior mirages. Optical path length replaces the usual Euclidean metric as a distance-measuring function and is used to construct a surface on which the paths of light rays are geodesics. The geodesic equations are shown to be equivalent to the ray equation ...
متن کاملImplications of Atmospheric Differential Refraction for Adaptive Optics Observations
Many adaptive optics systems operate by measuring the distortion of the wavefront in one wavelength range and performing the scientific observations in a second, different wavelength range. One common technique is to measure wavefront distortions at wavelengths <∼1 μm while operating the science instrument at wavelengths>∼ 1 μm. The index of refraction of air decreases sharply from shorter visi...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1921
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/107456c0